Tuesday, May 25, 2010

Background and Structure

-A one rock dam is named so because it is one rock tall
-The dam should be several rows long, but only about 1/3 the height of the bank because it is meant to slow the water, not stop it
-Although most of these runoffs are found on hills, you should find a relatively flat spot to build your dam
-If you do find your self at a spot that is uneven, use the larger rocks to place to in larger swells
-Along with flood control in little creeks, it is also a good erosion control in runoffs
-Ceasing this erosion allows you to cause sediment deposition, water harvesting, nutrient retention, revegetation, and bank stabilization
-These also allow you to use the rain water for giving your plants water
-These one rock dams also cause good growth in the stream bed
-These rocks to construct the dam are place closely together, in parallel lines
-Although these dams are effective at slowing water, their purpose is not to cease the water completey
-They slow the water instead of stopping it completely because there is not a ton of exposed surface area of the rocks, so most of the water just runs over the top of the structure
-The excess water is left in the dam (or nearby) giving water to the roots of the different plants
-This is why the dams are able to have so much vegetation in between the rocks
-This extra vegetation also helps to slow down the movement of water because the roots hold the water more in place
-This extra vegetation also helps to bind the rocks to make the dam more resistant
-Since all of this slows the water down, there is less power in the flooding and the erosion is decreased substantially
-One rock dams are best suited for rocky drainages
-The maintenance for one rock dams is quite simple: replace the stones in the dam that have washed away in larger floods
-Also to make these dams as successful as they can be, you should plant different types of grasses in between the rocks because the widespread root system of grass is great at holding the rocks in place in case of a big flood

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